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Israeli forces demolished May 7 the hamlet of the Khirbet Humsa al-Fawqa village in the northern Jordan Valley, imposed a strict siege on it and prevented entry to and exit from it. The forces then started demolishing the residents’ tent dwellings and animal pens, and seizing their properties. Military buses were brought in to expel the residents from the ruins and move them to another location in the central Jordan Valley. This move has left 11 families homeless.
The demolition of Khirbet Humsa al-Fawqa and the eviction of its residents is not the first one. Khirbet Humsa al-Fawqa, inhabited by about 80 Palestinians, had faced 11 evictions and demolitions due to Israeli military drills over the past four years. In November 2020, the hamlet was subjected to the largest demolition operation that completely destroyed the community there.
Khirbet Humsa al-Fawqa is one of 38 Bedouin communities located partially or completely on land designated by the Israeli military as a military training zone.
The Palestinian Bedouin community of al-Bikai'a village is located in Area C of the West Bank, in the north of the Jordan Valley. The greater part of this village is located in an area classified by Israel as “a firing zone” used for military drills. Palestinians are prohibited from residing in or accessing this zone, according to the Israeli military.
These communities are the most vulnerable in the West Bank. They have limited access to education, health services and the necessary infrastructure for water, sanitation and electricity. On several occasions since 2012, the residents of Khirbet Humsa al-Fawqa were temporarily displaced since the Israeli authorities were carrying out military exercises nearby. The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs recorded more than 50 temporary displacement incidents during that period.
On July 8, the Palestinian Foreign Ministry issued a statement condemning the displacement of the residents of Khirbet Humsa al-Fawqa as amounting to a war crime. The statement denounced the Israeli forces’ demolition and confiscation of the homes of the village’s residents for the fifth time in a year. The ministry urged the international community to assume its responsibility in this respect.
Article 49 of the Fourth Geneva Convention states that “the Occupying Power shall not deport or transfer parts of its own civilian population into the territory it occupies.” Of note, the number of settlers in the Palestinian territories, including Jerusalem, has reached about 600,000.
Harbi Abu Kabash, a resident of Khirbet Humsa al-Fawqa who was recently displaced, and a father of five boys and one girl, told Al-Monitor the Israeli forces forcibly expelled them from their home at eight in the morning, without warning, and without taking into account the presence of children, women and elders.
“We are now in the open, without shelter, in an area 700 meters [0.4 miles] from Khirbet Humsa al-Fawqa. We are trying to provide food, drink and bedding for our children at our own expense. No one is helping us,” he said.
Abu Kabash, a farmer, stressed his determination to return to Khirbet Humsa al-Fawqa, despite its destruction. “This is a Palestinian agricultural area, not a military area. My family has the documents proving our ownership of the lands,” he added.
Walid Assaf, head of the Palestinian Authority's Commission on Apartheid Wall and Colonization Resistance, told Al-Monitor that what happened in Khirbet Humsa al-Fawqa is part of an Israeli plan of forced displacement and ethnic cleansing targeting the residents of the Jordan Valley.
“This is part of the faltering Trump-Netanyahu plan,” he added. “[Former US President Donald] Trump's term has ended, and so did [former Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin] Netanyahu’s. Yet the plan to annex the Jordan Valley remained implemented on the ground through the displacement of its residents."
Assaf argued that Israel’s focus on annexing the Jordan Valley is due to several strategic dimensions. “Israel built its plans on establishing a single Jewish state in all of historic Palestine,” he noted. “Thus annexing the Jordan Valley is a strategic necessity to prevent the establishment of a Palestinian state in the West Bank with the Jordan Valley as its eastern border.”
He added, “The Jordan Valley has a low population density, estimated at 63,000 people living in large areas. Israel wants to restrict the Palestinians’ presence to closed and isolated cantons in a bid to facilitate the process of their deportation as part of the plan to establish the Jewish state. This strategic plan aims to make the area free of Palestinians by denying them building permits in the Jordan Valley, according to the Allon Plan of 1967.”
Assaf noted that the Allon Plan does not recognize any Palestinian community in the Jordan Valley. He said, “This means that they [Palestinians] are not granted any master plans or building permits. These communities are not linked to basic services. In 2008, 2009 and 2010 and in cooperation with the [Palestinian] Ministry of Local Government, the European Union attempted to prepare 112 master plans for 122 communities in the Jordan Valley and the West Bank, from south Yata in Hebron to north Tubas in Nablus. Israel only recognized eight communities in areas close to Palestinian cities and has not recognized any community in the Jordan Valley whose eviction is planned.”
Aref Daraghmeh, an expert in settlements and Israeli violations in the area, told Al-Monitor that Israel not only displaced 11 families in Khirbet Humsa al-Fawqa. In June, Israel had displaced a number of Bedouin families in al-Muarrajat in the Jordan Valley under the pretext of military training.
“Palestinians see in the Jordan Valley — targeted by Israeli attacks — a source of security, border protection, a water source and a food basket,” he said.
In a parallel context, Khalil Tafakji, director of the Mapping and Systems Department of the Arab Studies Society, told Al-Monitor the reasons why Israel postponed the eviction and demolition decision in the Sheikh Jarrah neighborhood in Jerusalem, while displacing families in the Jordan Valley. “Communities in Khirbet Humsa al-Fawqa are seen as Bedouins. Israel plans to gather them in villages like Arab al-Jahalin in the Abu Dis area. A school was opened for them with German funding. Meanwhile, any eviction and displacement of Sheikh Jarrah is deemed ethnic cleansing,” he said.
He noted that Israel invokes security reasons for annexing the Jordan Valley, while the reasons are economic. “Israel reaps around $800 million in income from the Jordan Valley, including from dates, flowers and vegetables that are exported to Europe. Also, the Jordan Valley is a strategic reserve for Israel,” he concluded.
