A May 17 drone strike near the Barakah nuclear power plant in the United Arab Emirates has injected fresh uncertainty into the Middle East’s long-running push into nuclear energy, the US-Israel-Iran war thus highlighting a key vulnerability.

The incident marked the first known attack targeting the Emirati facility — the only commercial nuclear plant operational in the Arab world — and occurred at a sensitive moment for the region’s nuclear ambitions. Before the war, momentum for nuclear energy had been building across the Middle East, with Saudi Arabia advancing nuclear cooperation talks with the United States, Turkey preparing to launch its first reactor, and Egypt moving ahead with a delay-ridden project.

Now, the Barakah episode will force policymakers as well as investors to confront a difficult question: Does the strategic logic behind nuclear power in the Middle East still outweigh the growing risks exposed by modern regional warfare, when cheap drones and missile strikes can rain down on critical infrastructure?

What happened: The unclaimed drone struck an electrical generator at the Barakah nuclear power plant, located roughly 175 miles west of Abu Dhabi, near the Saudi border. The attack caused a fire but no injuries or radiation leaks, according to Emirati authorities and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).