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Syria’s new order faces old problems: Sanctions, reconstruction and volatility

Although President Ahmed al-Sharaa has obtained major commitments from potential foreign investors, the economic and political challenges ahead remain significant.

An aerial view shows the destruction across Yarmouk camp, Damascus, Syria, on November 8, 2025. Established in 1957, Yarmouk was once the largest Palestinian refugee community in Syria, but years of conflict left much of it in ruins. (Photo by Omar Albaw / Middle East Images via AFP) (Photo by OMAR ALBAW/Middle East Images/AFP via Getty Images)
An aerial view shows the destruction across Yarmouk camp, Damascus, Syria, on Nov. 8, 2025. — OMAR ALBAW/Middle East Images/AFP via Getty Images

US President Donald Trump recently heaped praise on the new government in Syria, nearly a year after the overthrow of its long-time ruler, President Bashar al-Assad.

"The United States is very satisfied with the results displayed, through hard work and determination, in the Country of Syria," Trump wrote on his Truth Social platform on Dec. 1, weeks after hosting Syrian President Ahmed al-Sharaa at the White House.

"We are doing everything within our power to make sure the Government of Syria continues to do what was intended, which is substantial, in order to build a true and prosperous Country."

On Dec. 8, 2024, a 10-day offensive by militias led by the Islamist Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), a former al-Qaeda offshoot, toppled Assad.

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