The booby-trapped pagers and walkie-talkies, a bold move by Israel, mark a significant escalation in its long-standing conflict with Hezbollah, further inflamed by the Gaza war. In just 24 hours, Hezbollah faced what it called its "biggest security breach" in nearly a year of war with Israel. 

On Sept. 17 and 18, 2024, Lebanon was rocked by coordinated explosions targeting Hezbollah, severely impacting the group's communication networks. The first blasts occurred on Tuesday, when thousands of pagers exploded simultaneously. Iran's ambassador to Lebanon, Mojtaba Amani, was among the victims. The next day, two-way radios detonated, resulting in more deaths and injuries. Altogether, these attacks have killed 37 people and injured more than 3,400.  

The scale of the operation led Hezbollah and Lebanese officials to quickly point to Israel, seen as the only regional actor capable of mounting such a technologically advanced operation. Although Israel neither confirmed nor denied involvement, the explosions fit within a broader conflict that has seen near-daily skirmishes along the Israeli-Lebanese border since Oct. 7, 2023. As with the recent assassination of Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh in Iran, Israel often refrains from taking direct responsibility for these acts. 

Paralyzing Hezbollah's communications in such a choreographed way gives Israel a significant advantage in these ongoing confrontations. Israel also has a long history of executing complex, covert operations in Lebanon and beyond.