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Saudi-UAE rivalry spills into Sudan’s gold sector

Saudi Arabia has signed a gold exploration agreement with Sudan’s army-backed government, deepening its Red Sea rivalry with the UAE.

Sudanese leader Gen. Abdel Fattah al-Burhan meets with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman in Riyadh, Dec. 15, 2025. (Saudi Press Agency)

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This week, Saudi Arabia moved to expand its footprint in Sudan’s gold sector, signing a new exploration agreement along the Red Sea coast. The deal intersects with the kingdom’s mining ambitions under Vision 2030 while sharpening rivalry with the United Arab Emirates over influence in war-torn Sudan.

We unpack that and more below. 

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