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Analysis

From UNRWA to ICC, how Republican Congress would shift Middle East policy

Bills to cut aid for Palestinians and expedite arms sales to Israel faced Democratic pushback, but they could now easily become law.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu addresses a joint meeting of Congress in the chamber of the House of Representatives at the US Capitol, on July 24, 2024, in Washington.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu addresses a joint meeting of Congress in the chamber of the House of Representatives at the US Capitol, on July 24, 2024, in Washington. — Kent Nishimura/Getty Images

GOP legislative proposals chalked up as partisan in the current Congress could become law next year as Republicans take full control of the US government.  

Republicans will hold power in the House and Senate with slim majorities when President-elect Donald Trump makes his return to the White House. But with strong intra-party agreement on Middle East issues and alignment on those issues with a small coalition of moderate Democrats, several bills could make it across the finish line and be signed into law. 

Republicans can be expected to reintroduce legislation they put forward when Democrats controlled the Senate and President Joe Biden had to sign bills passed by Congress into law. Proposals to eliminate funding for the UNRWA, punish the International Criminal Court and expedite arms transfers to Israel could all become US policy, with little to no way for Democrats to stand in the way. 

End US funding for UNRWA

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