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Analysis

Iran-Iraq agreement about more than borders 

Tehran reinforces position in Iraq with border deal; Syria heats up despite Arab rapprochement; Iraq-Turkey manage differences on water, oil and PKK. 

In this handout photo released by Iraq's National Security press office, Iraq's National Security Advisor Qasim al-Araji (R) meets with the Secretary of Iran's Supreme National Security Council Ali Shamkhani (C) in Baghdad on March 19, 2023. (Photo by IRAQI SECURITY MEDIA CENTRE / AFP) / XGTY / RESTRICTED TO EDITORIAL USE - MANDATORY CREDIT "AFP PHOTO /IRAQI NATIONAL SECURITY PRESS OFFICE" - NO MARKETING NO ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS - DISTRIBUTED AS A SERVICE TO CLIENTS (Photo by -/IRAQI SECURITY MEDIA CENTRE/A
In this handout photo released by Iraq's national security press office, Iraq's national security adviser Qasim al-Araji (R) meets with the Secretary of Iran's Supreme National Security Council Ali Shamkhani (C), Baghdad, Iraq, March 19, 2023. — Iraqi Security Media Center/AFP via Getty Images

Iran warns Iraq of 'mischief' by US 

Ali Shamkhani, secretary of Iran’s Supreme National Security Council (SNSC), continued his diplomatic surge of recent weeks, signing a border security agreement in Baghdad on March 19. 

The memorandum of understanding commits Iraq to cracking down on Iranian-Kurdish opposition groups operating from Iraq's Kurdistan Region. It is a message to Baghdad, but also to the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG). Iran has accused Iranian-Kurdish armed groups of coordination with Israel and launching attacks against Iran from Iraqi territory to support protests following the death of Mahsa Amini, a young Iranian-Kurdish woman who died in the custody of the morality police in September 2022. 

Iran has on several occasions launched missile and drone attacks on sites in Iraqi Kurdistan it claims have been used by Israel and anti-Iranian-Kurdish armed groups. 

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