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| The Lead: Nile Dam talks seek to head off Egypt-Ethiopia conflict |
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“Life and Death”: In an exclusive interview with Al-Monitor in September 2019, Egyptian Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry told me that “For Egypt, the matter of the Nile is a matter of life and death,” adding, “I don’t think anybody would agree that Ethiopian development should come at the expense of the lives of Egyptians.
Those are the stakes, as Egypt sees them, if Ethiopia goes ahead with filling the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) next month without complying with the technical arrangements agreed back in February among Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan, as mediated by the United States and World Bank in Washington.
“This is a watershed period for the Middle East. Its place in the world system will not be as it was, and it is now facing its destiny,” Kepel says.
Background: Ethiopia began building the GERD in 2011 to generate hydroelectric power. The dam is located in northwest Ethiopia, on the Blue Nile River near the Sudanese border. The Blue Nile joins the White Nile in Sudan and then flows into Egypt. The Nile is the only water source for Egypt, which has a population of approximately 100 million. Egyptians are concerned that the dam, absent provisions agreed upon in Washington, will dramatically reduce water flow to their country. For Ethiopia, though, the dam is crucial: Once completed, it will be the largest hydropower plant in Africa and the foundation of the country’s power needs. | | | |
