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Analysis

Saudi nuclear deal adds new wrinkle if Iran talks resume

Should the United States and Iran return to the negotiating table, the newly reached US-Saudi nuclear deal could give Tehran fresh leverage.

US President Donald Trump (L) and Crown Prince and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Salman of Saudi Arabia pause for photographs along the West Wing Colonnade at the White House on Nov. 18, 2025, in Washington.
US President Donald Trump (L) and Crown Prince and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Salman of Saudi Arabia pause for photographs along the West Wing Colonnade at the White House on Nov. 18, 2025, in Washington. — Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images

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WASHINGTON — President Donald Trump has approved a US-Saudi civilian nuclear agreement as the war with Iran rages, potentially giving Riyadh an enrichment capability that he wants Tehran to forgo. 

The decades-long, multibillion-dollar deal gives US companies a leading role in supplying reactors and developing Saudi Arabia’s civilian nuclear program, according to the US Energy Department announcement on Wednesday.

Like Iran, Saudi Arabia is a signatory of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and has pledged not to build or acquire nuclear weapons. But experts warn that a Saudi civilian enrichment program could give Tehran justification to resist tighter nuclear restrictions if talks with Washington resume. 

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