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Analysis

Why Iran's generals are intensifying anti-US rhetoric amid negotiations

Leading figures within Iran's military and security establishment have framed the memorandum with Washington not as an end point but as a conditional arrangement tied to battlefield realities.

An Iranian man rides his motorbike past a billboard on May 28, 2026.
An Iranian man rides his motorbike past a billboard bearing the images of the late founder of the Islamic Revolution, Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (L), late Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei (R),and his son, the current supreme leader, Mojtaba Khamenei (C), erected along a street in Tehran on May 28, 2026. — AFP via Getty Images

TEHRAN — Iran's emerging post-war diplomacy with the United States is unfolding alongside an increasingly assertive military discourse at home, where commanders are sending sharply different signals about the durability of the recently signed memorandum of understanding.

While expert-level negotiators in Switzerland continue follow-up discussions mediated by Pakistan and Qatar, Iran's military establishment has escalated warnings directed at both the US and Israel, particularly over the contentious issues of Lebanon and the Strait of Hormuz. 

The contrast has become one of the defining features of the post-war environment: a cautious diplomatic track layered over an overt deterrence posture. In the eyes of the Iranian establishment, this is not a contradiction but calibration. 

The most striking message has come from Brig. Gen. Esmail Qaani — commander of the Quds Force, the overseas wing of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps — as he directly addressed Israeli forces in Hebrew, state media reported on Monday. 

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