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IRGC to Majlis: Who are central players in Iran's regime?

Iran’s political system concentrates ultimate authority in the supreme leader and a network of loyal institutions.

People cross a street next to a billboard bearing the portrait of Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei and a quote that reads "Sing Oh Iran" in Tehran on July, 9, 2025.
People cross a street next to a billboard bearing the portrait of Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei and a quote that reads "Sing Oh Iran" in Tehran on July, 9, 2025. — AFP via Getty Images

All eyes are on the state of the Iranian government as demonstrations, now in their third week, swell and the death toll rises. 

Around 2,000 protestors have been killed in Iran since demonstrations erupted on Dec. 28, an Iranian official told Reuters on Tuesday, aligning with figures reported by the US based organization Human Rights Activist Network in Iran.

The wave of demonstrations and the violence that has followed have renewed international focus on the web of institutions and officials who control Iran’s response to dissent, and questions have been raised about whether those same institutions can withstand sustained unrest. 

Supreme leader  

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