After Hamas gunmen stormed into 85-year-old Yocheved Lifshitz's house and shot her husband in the hand, they threw her on a motorbike and dragged her off to a tunnel network beneath Gaza, her grandson Daniel says.

It was in the "very damp", "very deep" warren of subterranean rooms and passages that his grandmother -- now released -- told family she had encountered someone few Israelis have for years: Yahya Sinwar, the head of Hamas in Gaza and a mastermind of the October 7 attacks.

The families of hostages still being held in Gaza on Friday said the end of a truce that saw 80 kidnapped Israelis freed was a "very hard blow" to bear.

Under an agreement between Palestinian militant group Hamas and Israel, the hostages were being released at a rate of 10 each day, forcing the families to endure an agonising waiting game.

But as the pause in the conflict ended early Friday, there was bitter disappointment for the families of those still not freed.

Hamas on Friday said it had offered to hand over the bodies of a mother and her two sons -- one of them a baby -- in talks to extend a now-expired truce.

Shiri Bibas, her 10-month-old son Kfir and his four-year-old brother Ariel, along with their father Yarden, have become emblematic of the October 7 attacks due to the age of baby Kfir.

Earlier this week, Hamas's armed wing announced that Shiri, Kfir and Ariel had been killed in an Israeli bombing before the now-lapsed truce went into effect -- a claim Israel's military has said it is investigating, but has yet to confirm.

Iran's delegation walked out and Israel's president cancelled his speech as tensions over the Gaza war spilled over at the UN COP28 climate talks in Dubai on Friday.

As deadly air strikes resumed after a week-long truce, several of the world leaders gathered to discuss climate change took the chance to lament the Israel-Hamas war that has left thousands dead.

"It is impossible not to touch on the humanitarian crisis taking place in Palestinian territories close to us," Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan told the environmental meeting.

Tourists are abandoning the Middle East region due to the conflict between Israel and Hamas, putting at risk nations like Jordan, Lebanon and Egypt, whose economies depend heavily upon international tourism.

In Petra, the jewel of the Jordanian desert, where 900,000 tourists visited last year, "you will see few numbers of visitors" although there were thick crowds at the start of October, said tour guide Amer Nezami.

Renewed fighting in Gaza after a week-long truce has brought back a "nightmarish situation" for the Palestinian territory, the head of the Red Cross told AFP on Friday.

Speaking on the sidelines of the UN's COP28 climate talks in Dubai, Robert Mardini said "people are at a breaking point, hospitals are at a breaking point, the whole Gaza Strip is in a very precarious state".

Israel resumed its deadly bombardment of Gaza on Friday despite international calls for a renewed truce, killing at least 178 people according to Hamas authorities as five hostages held by the militant group were also confimed dead.

Clouds of grey smoke from strikes shot up on the Gaza skyline and rockets fired from the territory streaked into Israel as Israel resumed its offensive, sparked by the deadly Hamas attacks and kidnappings on October 7.

COP28 is officially the largest ever UN climate summit, with 80,000 participants registered on a list that -- for the first time -- shows who they work for.

Until this year, those taking part were not obliged to say who they worked for, making it tricky to detect lobbyists and identify negotiators' potential conflicts of interest.

Some 104,000 people, including technical and security staff, have access this year to the "blue zone" dedicated to the actual climate negotiations and the pavilions of the states and organisations present.

In the rubble of a house destroyed by bombs in the southern Gazan city of Rafah, a man screamed: "Where are my children?"

Similar scenes played out across the devastated Gaza Strip on Friday, as residents fled their homes and rushed their dead and wounded to hospitals after hostilities resumed between Israel and Hamas following the expiry of a week-long truce.

King Charles III told world leaders Friday that the UN's COP28 talks in Dubai must be a turning point in the fight against climate change, as tough negotiations on fossil fuels began.

King Charles kicked off two days of speeches by heads of state and government in the oil-rich United Arab Emirates, with a stark warning.

"We are carrying out a vast, frightening experiment... all at once, at a pace that far outstrips nature's ability to cope," he said.